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Lok Sabha LoP Rahul Gandhi, Congress MPs KC Venugopal, Priyanka Gandhi Vadra, Sanjana Jatav, TMC MP Mahua Moitra, and others stage a protest during the Monsoon session of Parliament, in New Delhi, on Monday, July 27. The banner reads "Vote chori, paper chori, chanda chori" (Vote theft, paper theft, donation theft), referring to the allegations of election irregularities, question paper leaks and Ayodhya Ram temple donation scam. PTI Photo

LIVE | CJP warns of fresh stir over FIRs against students; Sibal offers Rs 1 cr for legal fund

SC says peaceful protest is a constitutional right and police excesses cannot be justified; Parliament logjam continues as Opposition questions police crackdown


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The Supreme Court on Monday (July 27) reaffirmed that the right to peaceful protest is "absolutely guaranteed" under the Constitution, observing that the mere existence of an agitation cannot justify a lathicharge.

The observations came while the court was hearing a batch of petitions seeking an independent probe into the events of July 20, when students participating in the 'Sansad Chalo' march to Parliament were allegedly met with tear gas and baton charges.

Also read | The unmaking of Brand Modi: How ‘56-inch chested’ PM bowed to youth power

"The right to peaceful, lawful protest is absolutely guaranteed under the Constitution. So long as it is a peaceful agitation, merely because there is agitation, there can't be lathicharge," the bench said.

The July 20 protest turned violent when riot police confronted demonstrators attempting to march to Parliament over alleged irregularities in major examinations. Videos from the protest site near Jantar Mantar showed police in riot gear charging at protesters, who ran for cover as tear gas was fired and batons were used.

The petitions have sought an independent investigation into the police action, preservation of CCTV footage, body-camera recordings and other electronic evidence, as well as compensation for protesters found to have sustained injuries.

Opposition corners govt over police action

Congress MPs, led by party general secretary Priyanka Gandhi Vadra, protested in the Parliament House complex on Monday over alleged "police brutality" against student protesters during the agitation on the NEET paper leak issue and demanded Home Minister Amit Shah's apology.

Carrying placards and a large banner, the Congress MPs protested in front of the steps of the Makar Dwar of Parliament. They raised slogans, demanding answers from the home minister over alleged police excesses against protesting students.

Also read | When NDA leaders’ children turned ‘cockroaches’ to back NEET protests

The Congress-led opposition is set to keep the pressure on the government in Parliament over the issue, demanding action against those responsible for the assault on students and an apology from Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Shah.

Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha Rahul Gandhi has written to Shah, seeking accountability for what he called "barbaric assault" on peacefully protesting students and asking the minister whether he approved the use of "lethal force", including pellet guns.

A senior Opposition leader said the resignation of Pradhan did not mark the end of the issue. "Pradhan's resignation is not the full stop; it is only a semicolon. The Prime Minister should apologise to the students, while the Home Minister must explain where the pellets came from and who authorised their use. The role of the Home Minister has to be investigated. The youth have now handed the baton to Members of Parliament," the leader said.

(With agency inputs)

Scroll below for Live updates.

Live Updates

  • 27 July 2026 12:25 PM IST

    Kharge attacks Centre over student crackdown, seeks Amit Shah's accountability

    Congress president Mallikarjun Kharge on Monday alleged that the police action against students protesting over the paper leak issue amounted to "one of the gravest assaults on democracy" in India's history.


  • 27 July 2026 12:15 PM IST

    Lok Sabha adjourned till 2 pm as Opposition protests Shah's silence on July 20 police action

    As Opposition MPs troop into the Well of the House to protest Union Home Minister Amit Shah's silence on the alleged police brutalities against students during the July 20 'Chalo Sansad' march, Speaker Om Birla calls the Bill the "first step towards course correction" and urges members to allow a discussion on the proposed legislation. Birla says the Bill reflects the corrective measures that all parties and the people have been seeking in the education and examination system. Amid the continuing protests, he adjourns the Lok Sabha till 2 pm.

  • 27 July 2026 12:10 PM IST

    Union minister Jitendra Singh introduces anti-paper leak Bill in Lok Sabha

    Union minister Jitendra Singh introduces Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Amendment Bill 2026 in Lok Sabha amid continuing protests by the opposition parties over the alleged police excesses on protesting students on July 20.  

  • 27 July 2026 12:09 PM IST

    Rajya Sabha adjourned till 2 pm amid ruckus

    Amid widespread uproar by Opposition, Rajya Sabha was once again adjourned till 2:00 pm. The Opposition parties are seeking answers from the government over the alleged police excesses against students during 'Chalo Sansad' march on July 20.

  • 27 July 2026 11:57 AM IST

    Bihar constable suspended over AK-47 firing during protest

    A Bihar Police constable has been suspended after a video purportedly showing him firing an AK-47 rifle during the July 25 'Bihar Bandh' protest in Siwan district circulated widely on social media.

    The statewide bandh, organised by student groups, saw demonstrations in several districts, with clashes breaking out between protesters and police at multiple locations. Following the emergence of the footage, the Bihar Police Headquarters ordered the constable's suspension and initiated action in the matter.

    Three people injured during the violence are receiving treatment at Jayprabha Medanta Hospital in Patna and are reported to be in stable condition. One of them, 15-year-old Md Arif, was allegedly struck in the neck by a bullet while returning home after shutting the local shop where he worked, according to his family. They said he was not participating in the protest when the incident occurred. Doctors later removed the bullet during surgery, and his condition has since stabilised, reported NDTV.

    Leader of Opposition Tejashwi Yadav demanded action against those responsible and shared a video that he claimed showed a police officer firing at protesters.

    Police officials said maintaining law and order remained their foremost responsibility and that any departure from prescribed procedures would be treated seriously. They said a departmental inquiry had been launched to determine whether the use of the firearm followed established protocol and whether further disciplinary or legal action was required.

    The confrontation took place after a large group of students marched towards Gandhi Maidan during the bandh. The situation turned tense following an altercation between protesters and police, leading to violence.

  • 27 July 2026 11:47 AM IST

    Rahul seeks PM's apology over alleged student crackdown

    Congress leader Rahul Gandhi on Monday accused the Modi government of failing to protect students, citing allegations that AK-47 rifles were used during protests in Bihar and calling for action against those responsible for the alleged violence.

    In a post on X, Rahul said, "The entire system is downright murderous against students. Reports are coming in that AK-47s have been fired at protesting students in Bihar, and hundreds have been arrested and booked under FIRs."

    Questioning the Centre's assurances, he added, "Modi ji, what happened to your promise that no FIRs would be filed against students and that they would be released? Instead, they are being subjected to deadly attacks and brutality."

    Drawing a comparison with the police action in Delhi, Rahul said, "Pellet guns were used against students in Delhi, and AK-47s in Bihar. Whether it is Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Bihar, or Delhi -- the pattern is the same everywhere."

    He also alleged, "I have said it before: this government is dishonest. Reform is beyond its capability. It will renege on its promises and use every tactic to suppress the students' voices."

    Rahul urged Prime Minister Narendra Modi to apologise to students and take action against those accused of attacking them instead of proceeding against the protesters.

  • 27 July 2026 11:34 AM IST

    Karti Chidambaram says Exam Bill will not stop leaks

    Congress MP Karti Chidambaram on Monday said the proposed Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Amendment Bill, 2026, focused on punishment but did not address the root causes behind examination paper leaks.

    Commenting on the legislation, Chidambaram said, "... While they have fixed accountability and the minister has resigned on moral grounds, I welcome the resignation of the minister. But one must remember that the bill they have brought about right now is only a penalty bill... It itself does not prevent the leaks," as quoted by ANI.

    He questioned the government's decision to appoint a fresh committee under Nandan Nilekani, pointing out that the K Radhakrishnan Committee had already submitted its report after the 2024 examination controversy.

    "But one must remember that a similar leak happened in 2024. Radhakrishnan committee was set up in 2024. They have submitted a report. What has happened to that report? Nobody knows what has been, what is in that report... Setting up a committee does not necessarily mean they're going to find a solution..."

    Chidambaram also called for a wider discussion on the examination system and said, "And further, whether we should have NEET itself is a critical question because medical colleges are governed by the state governments..."

    Referring to the recent student protests, he added, "While the resignation of the minister is only a part, it is not the solution to the whole problem which has been there... The LoP has asked valid questions. No mature civilised government unleashes such brutality on its own citizens."

  • 27 July 2026 11:21 AM IST

    BJP MP Nishikant Dubey seeks Rahul’s removal as LoP

    BJP MP Nishikant Dubey on Monday said his party would seek the removal of Rahul Gandhi as the Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha and press for an investigation into his overseas visits.

    Speaking to reporters, Dubey questioned the purpose of Rahul Gandhi's foreign travel over the years and called for greater transparency.

    "From 2004 to 2026, Rahul Gandhi has undertaken several foreign visits, but nobody knows what he does there. Where is the transparency?..."

    He said the BJP would raise the issue formally and seek further action against the Congress leader.

    "We will move a proposal to remove him as the Leader of the Opposition."

    Dubey also demanded a Special Investigation Team (SIT) probe into Rahul Gandhi's foreign engagements.

    "We will also urge the government to constitute an SIT to investigate all his foreign visits and any secret agreements from 2004 to 2026," he said.

  • 27 July 2026 11:17 AM IST

    Mahua demands Shah explain action against protesters

    Trinamool Congress MP Mahua Moitra on Monday demanded a statement from Union Home Minister Amit Shah over the police action against student protesters, saying accountability must be fixed for the reported use of force.

    Speaking to reporters, Moitra said both the Central Reserve Police Force's Rapid Action Force (RAF) and the Delhi Police function under the Union home ministry and questioned who had authorised the operation.

    "CRPF's RAF and Delhi Police, both report to Amit Shah. If Amit Shah has ordered it, in which case he is accountable, if he has not, then he should say who ordered on his behalf; we need a statement from him."

    The Opposition has been pressing for Shah to address Parliament on the police action during the recent student protests, maintaining that the issue should be taken up before normal proceedings resume in both Houses.

  • 27 July 2026 11:12 AM IST

    Opposition uproar forces adjournment of both Houses till 12 noon

    Both Houses of Parliament were adjourned till 12 noon on Monday after Opposition members disrupted proceedings over the police action against students during the recent protests.

    The Lok Sabha was unable to function for more than a few minutes after it assembled, with Opposition MPs raising slogans and demanding a statement from Union Home Minister Amit Shah on the alleged use of force against student protesters. Amid the uproar, the House was adjourned till 12 pm.

    Similar scenes unfolded in the Rajya Sabha, where Opposition members continued their protest over the issue, leading to repeated disruptions. With the House unable to conduct business, proceedings were also adjourned till 12 noon.

    The Opposition has been insisting that the government respond to allegations surrounding the police action against students before Parliament resumes its scheduled legislative business.

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